A heart attack occurs when the blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked, usually by a build-up of plaque in the coronary arteries. This plaque, made up of fat, cholesterol, and other substances, can narrow the arteries over time and make it difficult for blood to flow freely. If a piece of plaque breaks off, it can form a blood clot that can completely block the flow of blood to the heart, leading to a
heart attack. Other factors that can contribute to a heart attack include:
- High blood pressure: Chronic high blood pressure can damage the walls of the arteries, making them more likely to develop plaque.
- Smoking: Smoking can damage the inner lining of the arteries and increase the risk of plaque build-up.
- High cholesterol: High levels of cholesterol in the blood can lead to plaque buildup in the arteries.
- Diabetes: People with diabetes are at an increased risk of heart attack due to the damage high blood sugar levels can cause to the blood vessels.
- Family history: A family history of heart disease can increase the likelihood of a heart attack.
- Sedentary lifestyle: A lack of physical activity can increase the risk of heart disease.
- Obesity: Being overweight or obese can increase the risk of heart disease and increase the likelihood of a heart attack.
- Stress: Chronic stress can increase the risk of heart attack by raising blood pressure and causing the release of hormones that can damage the heart and blood vessels.
It's important to understand your risk factors for heart disease and take steps to reduce your risk, such as maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, and managing stress. If you experience symptoms of a heart attack, it's important to seek medical attention immediately.